They went astray. ذَهَبُوا في الْيَهْيَرِّ‏.‏

That is, into falsehood. The word "yahyar" (يَهْيَرُّ) is used because there is no word in the language with the pattern "fa'yal" (فَعْيَلٌّ). It refers to the gum of the acacia tree. Abu Amr recited:
"I fed my shepherd some of this gum, and he kept howling with fear and evil."
That is, from this gum. Al-Ahmar said: "A hard stone is called 'yahyar' (يَهْيَر)." It is also said: "More deceitful than a mirage." Ibn al-Sarraj said: "Sometimes they add an alif to it, saying 'yahyarri' (يَهْيَرَّي), which is one of the names for falsehood."
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This proverb is used to describe pursuing falsehood, idle talk, and mirages that have no basis in reality. Some of the closest English equivalents are:
“Chasing shadows.”
Meaning: chasing shadows, or pursuing something unreal.
“Running after illusions.”
Meaning: chasing after illusions.
“Lost in nonsense.”
Meaning: immersed in meaningless talk or action.
“Much ado about nothing.”
Meaning: making a lot of noise about nothing.
This is said of something futile and pointless.
“Building castles in the air.”
Meaning: building castles in the air.
This is said of false hopes and illusions.
The closest expression to the spirit of the Arabic proverb is:
“Chasing illusions.”
“Pursuing illusions.”
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أي في الباطل، اليَهْيَرُّ يَفْعَلُ، لأنه ليس في الكلام فَعْيَلٌّ، وهو صَمْغ الطَّلْح، وأنشد أبو عمرو‏:‏ 

أطْعَمْتُ راعيّ مِنَ اليَهْيَرِّ * فَظَلَّ يَعْوِي حبطا بِشَرِّ 

أي من هذا الصمغ، وقال الأحمر‏:‏ حَجَر يَهْير أي صُلْب، ويقال‏:‏ أكْذَبُ من اليَهْيَرِّ، وهو السَّرَاب، وقال ابن السرَّاج‏:‏ ربما زادوا فيه الألف، فقالوا يَهْيَرَّي، وهو من أسماء الباطل

That is one of the unique ones. ذَاكَ أَحَدُ الأحَدِينَ‏.‏

Ibn al-A'rabi said: This is the most eloquent praise. He said: It is said, "One of the unique ones," just as you say, "One without peer." It is also said, "So-and-so is one of the unique ones," and "One of the unique ones." Their saying, "This is one of the unique ones," they said: The feminine form is for emphasis, meaning a cunning person. And they recited:
They counted me as a fox among their enumerations, until they provoked me to one of the unique ones.
This is said of someone whose cunning has no end, and who has no equal in his wickedness.
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This proverb is used to describe someone who has reached the pinnacle of excellence, cunning, or uniqueness, becoming unparalleled. Some of the closest English equivalents are:
“One of a kind.”
Meaning: Unique and without equal.
This is the most common and general equivalent.
“Second to none.”
Meaning: No one precedes him, and he has no equal.
“In a league of his own.”
Meaning: He is in a league of his own.
This is said of someone who clearly surpasses everyone.
“A master of cunning.”
Meaning: Extremely skilled in cunning and deceit.
This is closest to the aspect of cunning and deceit in the proverb.
“There’s no one like him.”
Meaning: No one is like him.
The closest expression that combines the meaning of uniqueness and cunning is:
“He is in a league of his own.”
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قال ابن الأعرابي‏:‏ هذا أبْلَغُ المَدْحِ، قال‏:‏ ويقال ‏"‏إحدى الإحَدِ‏"‏ كما تقول‏:‏ واحد لا نَظِيرَ له، ويقال‏:‏ فلان وَاحدُ الأحَدِينَ، ووَاحِدُ الآحادِ، وقولهم ‏"‏هذا إحْدَى الإحَدِ‏"‏ قالوا‏:‏ التأنيث للمبالغة، بمعنى الداهية، وأنشدوا‏:‏

عَدُّونِيَ الثَّعْلَبَ فِيمَا عَدَّدُوا * حَتَّى اسْتَثَارُوا بِيَ إحْدَى الإحَدِ 

يضرب لمن لا نهاية لدهائه، ولا مِثْلَ له في نَكْرَائه‏.‏

She went astray, wandering aimlessly. ذَهَبَتْ فِي وَادِي تِيهٍ بَعْدَ تِيهٍ‏.‏

This proverb is used to describe someone who follows a path of falsehood.
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One of the closest English equivalents of this proverb, meaning to become immersed in error or to persist on the wrong path, is:
“Going further astray.”
Meaning: He is becoming increasingly misguided and deviant.
“Lost in a maze of error.”
Meaning: Lost in a maze of error and falsehood.
“Down the wrong path.”
Meaning: Taking the wrong path.
“One wrong turn after another.”
Meaning: One wrong followed another.
“To go from bad to worse.”
Meaning: Moving from bad to worse.
This is close in meaning to: Lost in a valley of confusion after confusion.
And the closest expression to the spirit of the Arabic proverb is:
“He has gone further and further astray.”
“He has gone further and further astray.”
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يضرب لمن يَسْلُكُ سبيلَ الباطل‏.

A she-wolf in a barren desert with no thicket. ذِيبَةُ قُفٍّ مَا لهَا غَمِيسُ‏.‏

  The barren desert is a rough, uneven piece of land, and the thicket is a valley with dense vegetation. This proverb is used to describe someone who openly displays hostility and hostility.
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The closest English equivalents to this proverb are expressions that denote open hostility or someone who doesn't hide their enmity, such as:
“He wears his hostility openly.”
Meaning: He displays his hostility openly.
“An open enemy is better than a false friend.”
Meaning: A true enemy is better than a false friend.
This is close in meaning to openly declare one's opposition and not conceal it.
“What you see is what you get.”
Meaning: He doesn't hide his true nature or stance.
It can sometimes be used for someone who clearly expresses their position.
“He doesn’t hide his claws.”
Meaning: He doesn't hide his claws, i.e., he doesn't hide his hostility or ferocity.
And the closest expression to the spirit of the Arabic proverb is:
“He makes no secret of his enmity.”
“He doesn't hide his enmity.”
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القُفُّ‏:‏ ما غَلُظ من الأرض، والغَمِيس‏:‏ الوادي فيه شجر ملتفّ‏.‏
يضرب لمن جاهر بالعداوة وأظهر المناوأة‏.‏

The hyena in its solitude is like a lion. الذِّيخُ فِي خَلْوتِهِ مِثْلُ الأَسَدِ‏.‏

 (The hyena: the male of the hyena.) This proverb is used to describe someone who claims to be capable of something when alone but cannot achieve it when challenged in a group; it is similar to the saying, "Every man who runs alone is pleased."
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Some of the closest English proverbs and expressions to this proverb are:
“Every dog ​​is a lion at home.”
Meaning: Every dog ​​becomes a lion in its own den.
Said of someone who is brave in a safe place or when alone.
“A lion at home, a mouse abroad.”
Meaning: A lion at home, but a mouse outside.
This is very close in meaning: Someone who pretends to be brave when alone but is helpless when confronted.
“Big talk, little action.”
Meaning: A lot of talk, little action.
Said of someone who exaggerates but doesn't stand up to the test.
“All bark and no bite.”
Meaning: All bark and no bite.
This is one of the most common sayings of someone who threatens and pretends to be strong without any real ability.
And the closest to the spirit of the Arabic proverb is often:
“A lion at home, a mouse abroad.”
“A lion in his house, a mouse outside.”
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الذِّيخ‏:‏ الذكَرُ من الضِّباع‏.‏
يضرب لمن يَدَّعي منفرداً ما يعجز عنه إذا طُولب به في الجمع، وهذا مثل قولهم ‏"‏كُلُّ مُجْرٍ في الخَلاَء يُسَرُّ‏"

The fly of a sword, its flesh is broken. ذُبَابُ سَيْفٍ لَحْمُهُ الْوَقَائِصُ

The broken-necked animal. This proverb is used to describe someone who has wealth and abundance but is stingy with his family, or someone with power and strength who only challenges the weak and submissive.
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This meaning can be found in several English proverbs or expressions, depending on the aspect of the Arabic proverb being intended:
“A bully preys on the weak.”
Meaning: A bully only preys on the weak.
This is closer to the meaning: He only challenges the weak and submissive.
“He bites only where he is safe.”
Meaning: He only shows his strength where he is not in danger.
This expression is close in meaning, though not a very well-known proverb.
“Strong against the weak, weak against the strong.”
Meaning: Strong against the weak, weak before the strong.
This accurately reflects the spirit of the Arabic proverb.
As for the aspect of stinginess despite having money and resources, it is contrasted with:

“Penny-wise and pound-foolish.”

This is said of someone who is excessively miserly in a reprehensible way.
“He keeps a tight purse.”
Meaning: Extremely stingy despite his financial means.
The closest and most comprehensive equivalent to the spirit of the entire proverb is:
“He is brave only among the weak.

” "Only brave among the weak."

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الوَقيصة : المكسورة العُنُقِ من الدوابّ . يضرب لمن له مال وسَعَة وهو مُقَتِّر على عياله ولمن قدرة وقوة فهو لا ينازع إلا ضعيفا ذليلا